Diamonds are rightfully hailed as the king of the gemstones. Being the hardest material on earth (a new mineral has since been found which is harder – carmeltazite), they represent the limit of the Mohs scale at 10. Diamonds are carbon, but with a different molecular arrangement, called allotropy. This slight difference in the molecule arrangement makes all the difference in the properties of diamond. There is no natural material that can scratch a diamond, so diamonds are used in many industrial tools as cutting materials. Rarely, impurities or defects in the molecular structure can alter a diamond’s color, turning
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